This dark tourism theory offers tours that have historical value and interesting to be learned or just be enjoyed. Inherently, dark tourism conceptualises the consequence of a longterm conflict. Amongst these, concept of dark tourism is commonly used in the dark tourism literature sharpley and stone 2009. The guide carefully explains to the visitors the history, how almost 1,000 patriots decided to commit suicide rather than succumb to roman. Tarlow and others published dark tourismthe appealing dark side of tourism and more find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Detailed information is provided on the dark tourism potential of turkey within the context of dark tourism destinations, such as the sinop prison museum, gallipoli, the ulucanlar prison museum, and an. Dark tourism is an increasingly widespread feature in the popular culture landscape. Tarlow 2005 defines the dark tourism as travelling to the places where big tragedies. The term dark refers to content that is presented, which is by nature dark, gloomy or morbid. Novelli ed niche tourism contemporary issues, trends and cases, oxford. Tarlow 2005 explains how dark tourism is an economic generator, which may transform past tragedies into economic productivity. An investigation of the differences that exist between. Tourism security is an important part of both security management and tourism.
This paper addresses the area of dark tourism in this context, an area which has received relatively little attention by scholars so far. Tarlow 2005 defines dark tourism as a visit to a place where tragedy or historical events associated with death occurred. In the literature, this term is often substituted by synonyms like thanatourism or. Researchers have identified emotional, psychological and socialcultural aspects of dark tourism consumption stone, 2005. The guide carefully explains to the visitors the history, how almost 1,000 patriots decided to commit suicide rather than succumb to. Especially in the last decades, dark tourism has become seemingly more popular and has received more attention stone, 2009. Dark tourism, emotions, and postexperience visitor effects. While emotions have received some attention in dark tourism. Dependent variable used in this research was experience with dark tourism product. The term dark tourism was first used in 1996, when the extension of this phenomenon point out lennon and malcolm researchers 4. As a result, the term dark tourism has entered academic discourse. Tarlow p e 2005 dark tourism the appealing dark side of tourism and more, in m novelli ed niche tourism, contemporary issues trends and cases. It implies a more sophisticated set of practices that distinguish and differentiate tourists. Dark tourism may apply not only to museums dealing with past atrocities but also to.
Stone summary deaths, disasters and atrocities in touristic form are becoming an increasingly pervasive feature within the contemporary tourism landscape, and as such, are ever more providing potential spiritual journeys. As a result, the rather emotive label of dark tourism has entered academic discourse and media parlance, and consequently. Scientific and social relevance the scientific relevance of this research question lies in the fact that the subject of dark tourism is relatively new within the academic field. This phenomenon has been called dark tourism lennon and foley, 2000 and there has been consensus amongst theorists to define it as an attraction to visit places where death, disaster and atrocity have happened. Progress in dark tourism and thanatourism research. It is tourism of a seemingly dark variety one that. Dark tourism involves visits to destinations that are associated with death, suffering, disasters and tragedies venues.
At some extent, the diverse threats that impinge on tourism in late modernity not only did not alter its logic, but strengthened its presence worldwide. Tarlow 2005 identifies dark tourism as visitations to places where tragedies or historically. This research study was undertaken to investigate the difference in the level of support for dark tourism in northern ireland between the generations who lived through the troubles and those who heard about them. Tourism industry is considered as an activity based on higher tolerance to frustration, in other terms as a resilient industry.
Nevertheless, a tentative move to address these issues is tarlow 2005, who. This book provides an integrated picture of specialityniche tourism as a whole looking at both the macro and micro niche area. Dark tourism and its potential in turkey springerlink. Pdf the paper focuses on the development of dark tourism as a type of special. Tarlow is a worldrenowned speaker and expert specializing in the impact of crime and terrorism on the tourism industry, event and tourism risk management, and tourism and economic development.
The concept of niche tourism has emerged in recent years in counterpoint to what is commonly referred to as mass tourism. However, very little has been produced on the felt experience of dark sites. This book provides an integrated picture of specialityniche tourism as a whole looking at both the macro and. It has a comprehensive theoretical framework, and discusses initiatives, policies and strategies adopted internationally. Investigating the challenges of promoting dark tourism in rwanda ntunda joachim bachelor thesis tourism miscellaneous publish your bachelors or masters thesis, dissertation, term paper or essay.
Dark tourismthe appealing dark side of tourism and more. Pdf development of dark tourism in the contemporary society. We show how debates around dark tourism terminology and taxonomies, in most cases underlie considerations on felt, a. Tourists perception of dark tourism and its impact on. In both the case of dark tourism and herocentric tourism it is essential that the presentation be accurate and authentic. Elsevier butterworthheinemann niche tourism examines one of the fastest growing areas within the tourism sector. In so doing, it proposes a model of dark tourism consumption within a thanatological framework as a basis for further theoretical and empirical analysis of dark tourism. Michael hall and richard mitchell transport tourism. Tourists perception of dark tourism and its impact on their. Engaging the neglected intersection between dark tourism, the visitor postexperience and geopolitics, this research reports the findings from a survey of 1,082 domestic visitors to lushun prison museum in dalian, china, a japaneseera incarceration and punishment site that projects hegemonic antijapanese social representations. The case of fritzl offers a fascinating and recent case to go more indepth into the motivations of dark tourists. Since 1990, tarlow has been aiding the tourism community with. Pdf dark tourism as a type of special interest tourism. Roughly, niche tourism is an opposite of conventional tourism which involves large numbers of tourists and used to be called mass tourism.
Towards a typology of death and macabre related tourist sites, attractions and exhibitions philip r. Dark tourism means the journeytrips to the parts of the world connected with death, catasrophes, misery. The purpose of this paper is to develop a typology of dark tourists through an investigation of peoples motivations to visit burial grounds. But what is the psychological motivation for such visits. Independent variables used were the motivation of dark tourism and emotional reaction. Causevic and lynch 2008 explain how northern ireland has received relatively little attention by scholars so far in terms of dark tourism research.
Stone 2005 states that dark tourism involves visits to sites, attractions and exhibitions which as the main or one of the main themes have real or animated. Engaging the neglected intersection between dark tourism, the visitor postexperience and geopolitics, this research reports the findings from a survey of 1,082 domestic visitors to lushun prison mu. The intricacies of this phenomenon are also reflected in. The study sought to assess the challenges of promoting dark tourism in rwanda. In dark tourism research there is a scarcity of literature that discusses northern ireland as a dark tourism destination. It has features from educational, cul tural, heritage and special interest tourism. Is it a growth segment for the malaysia tourism industry. Prisons since the late 20th century a peculiar type of tourism has been developed. Dark tourism describes a niche type of tourism which covers the visitation of places where tragedies or historically noteworthy deaths have occurred of institutions dealing with the heritage of humanity tarlow, 2005. Dark tourism, understood as the type of tourism that involves a visit to real or recreated places associated with death, suffering, misfortune, or the seemingly macabre, is not a new concept, even from a touristic point of view. As the sun rises over the dead sea, hundreds of young men and women shiver in the desert s cold as they listen to their tour guide retell the history of massada.
To do so, we frame dark tourism within theories of a. Investigating the challenges of promoting dark tourism in rwanda joachim ntunda academic paper tourism miscellaneous. In this chapter, the concept of dark tourism, types of dark tourism, and the motivations governing dark tourists have been examined. Both dark tourism and herocentric tourism locales need to be authentic. An investigation of the differences that exist between generations in relation to supporting dark tourism in northern ireland. Essentially dark tourism refers to visits, intentional or otherwise, to purposeful nonpurposeful sites which offer a presentation of death or suffering as the raison detre. Tarlow and others published dark tourismthe appealing dark side of tourism and more find, read and cite. This research extends stones dark tourism spectrum and seven dark suppliers framework by identifying nine types of dark tourists.
Deaths, disasters and atrocities in touristic form are becoming an increasingly pervasive feature within the contemporary tourism landscape, and as such, are ever more providing potential spiritual journeys for the tourist who wishes to gaze upon real and recreated death. Dark tourism consumption a call for research there is an increasing plethora of sites associated with death, tragedy or the macabre that have become significant tourist attractions. Aug 02, 20 the purpose of this paper is to develop a typology of dark tourists through an investigation of peoples motivations to visit burial grounds. Some dark tourism is motivated by historical interest and family links.
However, dark tourism literature is both eclectic and theoretically fragile. Tarlow 2005, 48 categorizes dark tourism as special interest tourism being part of niche tourism. Tourists motivations for engaging in dark tourism modul. Less deliberate, it was even seen as postmodern madness tarlow, 2005, p. Dark tourism is defined as visitation to places where tragedies or historically noteworthy death has occurred and that continue to impact our lives tarlow, 2005. Niche tourism examines one of the fastest growing areas within the tourism sector. The sampling technique used nonprobability with the type of snowball. Investigating the challenges of promoting dark tourism in. Since motivational aspects also encompass an emotional facet, in 2005 tarlow introduced four primary emotions that are part of the dark tourists psychological. Lisle, 2007 according to tarlow, this phenomenon occurs due. The appealing dark side of tourism and more, butterworthheinemann oxford tsung hung, l. Abstract this article is focused on a relatively new phenomenon called dark tourism.
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